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Political system of the Cumegnan Federation
The political system of the Cumegnan Federation takes place in a framework of a federal presidential democratic republic, whereby the President of the Federation is both head of state and head of government. The political and adminstrative organization of the Cumegna Federation comprises the federal government, the nine states, one federal city (which also serves as the Federation's capital city), and three territories, further divided in municipalities and districts. Legislative power is vested upon the Federal Council, a two-chamber legislature comprising the Federal Senate and the National Assembly. Judicial power is exercised by the judiciary, consisting of the Constitutional Council, the Federal Supreme Court, along the State Federal Courts.
The President of the Cumegnan Federation
The President of the Republic, officially known as the President of the Cumegnan Federation, is the head of state and head of government in Cumegna. Under the Cumegnan Constitution, the President is also the Supreme Commander of the Federal Cumegnan Armed Forces. The current president is Bleras Malzàns, who was elected as candidate of National Renovation (RN) in the last presidential election.
The President of the Republic heads the federal government. Cumegnan presidents are limited to a single six-year term, called a "sisonn", as Cumegnan constitution doesn't allow re-election. The constitution and the office of the president closely follow the typical presidential system of government.
Although there are presidential elections every six years, the outcome of the election is not merely determined by a direct election by universal suffrage, unless a candidate has received at least 50% of the vote. If either the most voted candidate fails to obtain the 40% threshold, or two candidates have obtained more than 40% of the vote, in that case the election of the president is determined by an indirect vote of the Federal Council (the only requisite is that the candidate was a candidate in the election and was the most voted candidate in at least two of the states). However, only once the Federal Council has elected a candidate who did not win the majority vote.
Federal Council: National Assembly and Senate
The Federal Council is Cumegna's national parliament, a bicameral parliament formed by the National Assembly and the Senate.
The National Assembly is the lower house of the Federal Council, and it is composed of representatives that are allocated to each of the nine states on a basis of population, which each electoral district entitled to one representative. The total number of representatives is fixed by law at 445. The National Assembly is charged with the passage of federal legislation and supervises the work of the government. It has also the power to waive the immunity of its members, and to start an impeachment procedure. The National Assembly is headed by the Speaker, who is elected by a majority of its members.
The Senate is a legislative body that represents the nine federal states, the federal city, and the regional territories of the Cumegnan Federation at the federal level. The Senate participates in legislation, alongside the National Assembly, with laws affecting state competences and constitutional reform. It serves as the upper house of the parliament. There are not Senate elections, however, as the political makeup of the Senate is affected by changes in power in the states of the Federation, and thus by elections in each state. Each state delegation in the Senate is essentially a representation of the state government and reflects the political makeup of the ruling majority or plurarily of each state legislature. Thus, the Senate is a continuous body and has no legislative periods.
The Senate has 29 members, of which 24 are state representatives, 2 members represent the federal city, 2 members from the federal territories, who have voice but not vote in Senate sessions, and the Chairman of the Senate, who is directly appointed by the President of the Federation, and can only cast a vote in case of draw in a voting session. The latter, however, is an important figure in the constitutional order, as he is first in the line of succession to the presidency of the Federation, becoming Acting President of the Federation until a new election can be held.
The Chairman of the Senate also officially heads a joint session of the Senate and the National Assembly as the Federal Council, which happens at least once per year. This is mostly a ceremonial session except during a presidential election year, in which the Federal Council has the power to indirectly elect the President of the Federation, in case no candidate has obtained a constitutional majority in the election.
The States
The Cumegnan Federation is a federal republic consisting of nine federal states, a federal city, and two territories. According to the Cumegnan constitution, some topics, such as foreign affairs and defense, are the exclusive responsibility of the federation, while other fail under the shared authority of the states and the federation. Though international relations including international treaties are primarily the responsibility of the federal level, the federal states have certain limited powers in this area: in matters that affect them directly, the states defend their interests at the federal level through the Senate (the upper house of the Federal Council) and in areas where they have the legislative authority they have limited powers to conclude international treaties "with the consent of the federal government".
The federal city of Martgea, which also serves as Cumegna's capital city, has technically the same powers and rights of the federal states, and many consider it "the tenth state". However, the main difference with the (other) states is that it has only two level of government (federal and local), as Martgea has not a state assembly, instead of the states, where it exists three levels of government (federal, state, and local).
The two territories are under the direct authority of the federal government.
The political system of the Cumegnan Federation takes place in a framework of a federal presidential democratic republic, whereby the President of the Federation is both head of state and head of government. The political and adminstrative organization of the Cumegna Federation comprises the federal government, the nine states, one federal city (which also serves as the Federation's capital city), and three territories, further divided in municipalities and districts. Legislative power is vested upon the Federal Council, a two-chamber legislature comprising the Federal Senate and the National Assembly. Judicial power is exercised by the judiciary, consisting of the Constitutional Council, the Federal Supreme Court, along the State Federal Courts.
The President of the Cumegnan Federation
The President of the Republic, officially known as the President of the Cumegnan Federation, is the head of state and head of government in Cumegna. Under the Cumegnan Constitution, the President is also the Supreme Commander of the Federal Cumegnan Armed Forces. The current president is Bleras Malzàns, who was elected as candidate of National Renovation (RN) in the last presidential election.
The President of the Republic heads the federal government. Cumegnan presidents are limited to a single six-year term, called a "sisonn", as Cumegnan constitution doesn't allow re-election. The constitution and the office of the president closely follow the typical presidential system of government.
Although there are presidential elections every six years, the outcome of the election is not merely determined by a direct election by universal suffrage, unless a candidate has received at least 50% of the vote. If either the most voted candidate fails to obtain the 40% threshold, or two candidates have obtained more than 40% of the vote, in that case the election of the president is determined by an indirect vote of the Federal Council (the only requisite is that the candidate was a candidate in the election and was the most voted candidate in at least two of the states). However, only once the Federal Council has elected a candidate who did not win the majority vote.
Federal Council: National Assembly and Senate
The Federal Council is Cumegna's national parliament, a bicameral parliament formed by the National Assembly and the Senate.
The National Assembly is the lower house of the Federal Council, and it is composed of representatives that are allocated to each of the nine states on a basis of population, which each electoral district entitled to one representative. The total number of representatives is fixed by law at 445. The National Assembly is charged with the passage of federal legislation and supervises the work of the government. It has also the power to waive the immunity of its members, and to start an impeachment procedure. The National Assembly is headed by the Speaker, who is elected by a majority of its members.
The Senate is a legislative body that represents the nine federal states, the federal city, and the regional territories of the Cumegnan Federation at the federal level. The Senate participates in legislation, alongside the National Assembly, with laws affecting state competences and constitutional reform. It serves as the upper house of the parliament. There are not Senate elections, however, as the political makeup of the Senate is affected by changes in power in the states of the Federation, and thus by elections in each state. Each state delegation in the Senate is essentially a representation of the state government and reflects the political makeup of the ruling majority or plurarily of each state legislature. Thus, the Senate is a continuous body and has no legislative periods.
The Senate has 29 members, of which 24 are state representatives, 2 members represent the federal city, 2 members from the federal territories, who have voice but not vote in Senate sessions, and the Chairman of the Senate, who is directly appointed by the President of the Federation, and can only cast a vote in case of draw in a voting session. The latter, however, is an important figure in the constitutional order, as he is first in the line of succession to the presidency of the Federation, becoming Acting President of the Federation until a new election can be held.
The Chairman of the Senate also officially heads a joint session of the Senate and the National Assembly as the Federal Council, which happens at least once per year. This is mostly a ceremonial session except during a presidential election year, in which the Federal Council has the power to indirectly elect the President of the Federation, in case no candidate has obtained a constitutional majority in the election.
The States
The Cumegnan Federation is a federal republic consisting of nine federal states, a federal city, and two territories. According to the Cumegnan constitution, some topics, such as foreign affairs and defense, are the exclusive responsibility of the federation, while other fail under the shared authority of the states and the federation. Though international relations including international treaties are primarily the responsibility of the federal level, the federal states have certain limited powers in this area: in matters that affect them directly, the states defend their interests at the federal level through the Senate (the upper house of the Federal Council) and in areas where they have the legislative authority they have limited powers to conclude international treaties "with the consent of the federal government".
The federal city of Martgea, which also serves as Cumegna's capital city, has technically the same powers and rights of the federal states, and many consider it "the tenth state". However, the main difference with the (other) states is that it has only two level of government (federal and local), as Martgea has not a state assembly, instead of the states, where it exists three levels of government (federal, state, and local).
The two territories are under the direct authority of the federal government.