Eternity RPC Board
Nation/organisation proposal: Institute of Republican Research
National Level:
Unicameral or Bi-Cameral: Bi-cameral
All Elected/Appointed by state/Part Elected: Lower House elected by PR/FPTP; Upper House elected by lot from local/federal representatives
Head of Government: Prime Minister
Head of Government Seperate election: No
Powers: He appoints the national cabiet, direct domestic policy with the support of the parliament
Head of State: President
Head of State Seperate election:Yes
Powers: Commander-in-chief, he directs defence and foreign policy with the support of the National Cabinet
Executive Order: No (limited veto power)
System: Semi-parliamentary / Semi-presidential
Elections System: Preferently mixed system
Winners Bonus: No
List seats: Yes
Funding: Public
State Level:
Governor Seperately Elected?: Yes
Unicameral or Bi-Cameral: Unicameral
Executive Order: No
System: Semi-Parliamentary
Elections System: FPTP
Winners Bonus: No
List seats: No
Funding:Public
Further Subdivisions:
Local governments, which members are elected through FPTP and which may serve for one/two year term in the Upper House
Human rights:
Free speech and assembly, free press, Freedom of region, No discrimnation for ethnic, race, sex, sexual orientation or caste, separation of powers and rule of law, independent judiciary, respect to private property, etc.
About your System:
-The President is the commander-in-chief, signs treaties and represent the nation abroad. He is supposed to lead the defense and foreign policy, but it would require cooperation with the Prime Minister and the parliament to implement it. He may have veto powers on laws passed by the parliament, but both houses of parliament may overrun it with a 2/3 or 3/4 majority. He may be elected through a runoff system or through an electoral college.
-The Prime Minister and the National Cabinet are required to have parliamentary support, and they direct the country's domestic policy. If the President has not support of the parliament, then the largest political party/coalition leads the domestic policy.
-The Upper House is supposed to have a secondary role, proposing amends to laws passed by the Lower House, approving the national budget and constitutional ammends. As it may change often its composition with only indirectly influence of voters, it may impulse more consensus in the parliament. The lot system could serve as well to assure a number of ethnic/religious minorities have a minimum of seats in the Upper House.
Additional (optional) features:
The President may be reelected only once (for a four-year presidential term) or even not able to be reelected (for a 5 or more year term).
The President may call national referendums (with/without approval of the parliament or majority of states)
A majority of the states (2/3 or 3/4 of all states) may call for a referendum to decide if the president continues or early presidential elections are called (unlike an impeachment vote, the president would be able to run as candidate in those elections). This early presidential referendum can only be called once per term.
National Level:
Unicameral or Bi-Cameral: Bi-cameral
All Elected/Appointed by state/Part Elected: Lower House elected by PR/FPTP; Upper House elected by lot from local/federal representatives
Head of Government: Prime Minister
Head of Government Seperate election: No
Powers: He appoints the national cabiet, direct domestic policy with the support of the parliament
Head of State: President
Head of State Seperate election:Yes
Powers: Commander-in-chief, he directs defence and foreign policy with the support of the National Cabinet
Executive Order: No (limited veto power)
System: Semi-parliamentary / Semi-presidential
Elections System: Preferently mixed system
Winners Bonus: No
List seats: Yes
Funding: Public
State Level:
Governor Seperately Elected?: Yes
Unicameral or Bi-Cameral: Unicameral
Executive Order: No
System: Semi-Parliamentary
Elections System: FPTP
Winners Bonus: No
List seats: No
Funding:Public
Further Subdivisions:
Local governments, which members are elected through FPTP and which may serve for one/two year term in the Upper House
Human rights:
Free speech and assembly, free press, Freedom of region, No discrimnation for ethnic, race, sex, sexual orientation or caste, separation of powers and rule of law, independent judiciary, respect to private property, etc.
About your System:
-The President is the commander-in-chief, signs treaties and represent the nation abroad. He is supposed to lead the defense and foreign policy, but it would require cooperation with the Prime Minister and the parliament to implement it. He may have veto powers on laws passed by the parliament, but both houses of parliament may overrun it with a 2/3 or 3/4 majority. He may be elected through a runoff system or through an electoral college.
-The Prime Minister and the National Cabinet are required to have parliamentary support, and they direct the country's domestic policy. If the President has not support of the parliament, then the largest political party/coalition leads the domestic policy.
-The Upper House is supposed to have a secondary role, proposing amends to laws passed by the Lower House, approving the national budget and constitutional ammends. As it may change often its composition with only indirectly influence of voters, it may impulse more consensus in the parliament. The lot system could serve as well to assure a number of ethnic/religious minorities have a minimum of seats in the Upper House.
Additional (optional) features:
The President may be reelected only once (for a four-year presidential term) or even not able to be reelected (for a 5 or more year term).
The President may call national referendums (with/without approval of the parliament or majority of states)
A majority of the states (2/3 or 3/4 of all states) may call for a referendum to decide if the president continues or early presidential elections are called (unlike an impeachment vote, the president would be able to run as candidate in those elections). This early presidential referendum can only be called once per term.